Standards and Protocols
| 1× Ev-Do (Evolution Data Optimised) Standard | ||
EV-DO is a broadband service tailor-made for laptops and business people on the move. |
The Sierra Airtime wireless modem can also be used in the office. |
Wireless modems can also be installed into the PC. |
The enhanced download rates for EV-DO are clear to see in comparison to other popular technologies. |
The latest laptops will be equipped with built in compatible modems for EV-DO. |
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| Bluetooth | ||
The Bluetooth Scattonet. Bluetooth is a short-range communications standard for wireless data communications within a range of up to 10m. |
Bluetooth products can communicate directly without wiring to allow, for example, access to printers, facsimiles and copiers. Bluetooth technology was conceived by Ericsson, but founded and developed jointly by Ericsson, Nokia, IBM, Intel and Toshiba. |
The standard lets two or more Bluetooth enabled products communicate directly, including synchronising the contacts list between mobile phone, PC and hand-held devices as well as file transfers to another user's devices. |
| CDMA IS-95 (Code Division Multiple Access) | ||
Worldwide digital subscriptions, June 2002. |
CDMA timeline. |
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| EDGE (Enhanced Data GSM Environment) | ||
An eight-phase-shift keying (8 PSK) modulation. |
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| GPRS (General Packet Radio System) | ||
GPRS functionality. |
A GPRS configuration diagram. |
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| GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) | ||
Worldwide digital subscriptions, June 2002. |
GSM Network Organization. |
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| HSCSD (High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data) | ||
Migration to 3G via HSCSD over GSM. |
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| HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) | ||
High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) is a packet-based data service in W-CDMA downlink with data transmission up to 8Mbps to 10Mbps over a 5MHz bandwidth in WCDMA downlink. |
HSDPA incorporates a new transport channel type, known as High Speed Downlink Shared Channel (HS-DSCH) to facilitate air interface channel sharing between several users. |
HSDPA implementations include Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC), Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), Hybrid Automatic Request (HARQ), fast cell search, and advanced receiver design. |
HSDPA is evolved from, and backward compatible with, Release 99 WCDMA systems. |
HSDPA aircard PCMCIA cards for use with a laptop computer. |
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| HSUPA | ||
HSUPA is a data access protocol for mobile phone networks which is considered to be 3.75G or sometimes 4G. |
HSUPA will enhance advanced person-to-person data applications with higher and symmetric data rates, like mobile email and real-time person-to-person gaming. |
HSUPA-ready handsets will offer more sophisticated multimedia services, boosting the UMTS / WCDMA uplink up to 1.4Mbps, and in later releases up to 5.8Mbps. |
New laptops will probably have WiFi and HSUPA capability with the advantages of radio-based local networks and WLAN. |
For older laptops, plug-in modules will be able to give connectivity via HSUPA. |
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| IEEE 802.11b | ||
A wireless LAN. |
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| IMT-2000 | ||
IMT-2000 provides information technology and telecommunication integration. |
Terrestrial spectrum calculations resulted in an additional 160MHz worldwide for IMT-2000. |
Terrestrial spectrum calculation from the UMTS Forum for the years 2005 and 2010. Example: traffic model in Western Europe. |
IMT-2000 mobile multimedia terminals. |
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| IPv6 | ||
The IPv6 cellular architecture. |
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| PDC (Personal Digital Cellular) | ||
Worldwide digital subscriptions, December 1999. |
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| SMS (Short Message System) | ||
SMS traffic in Europe by country, April 1999. |
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| TDMA IS-136 (Time Division Multiple Access) | ||
Worldwide digital subscriptions, June 2002. |
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| TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked Radio) | ||
The world-wide market for digital mobile radio infrastructure, 1998-2002. |
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| WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) | ||
WAP protocol stack |
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| WAP 2.0 Standardisation | ||
Generic WAP networking. WAP can come in more than one version. |
WAP networking based on SMS. |
WAP Networking based on CSD. |
WAP Networking based on GPRS. |
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